CHALLENGES FOR CHILDREN’S RIGHTS IN CONNECTION WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Annotation. This article explores the importance of protecting children’s rights in the context of the rapid development of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence has the potential to change many aspects of a child’s life, and while it can have positive effects, its negative impact also needs due consideration. The article focuses on four key aspects: privacy, security, discrimination and ethics. It analyzes the risks associated with the collection and processing of children’s personal data by artificial intelligence and requires the establishment of effective privacy protection mechanisms. In addition, it considers the safety of children, especially in the context of the use of autonomous robots and toys


CHALLENGES FOR CHILDREN'S RIGHTS IN CONNECTION WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Annotation.This article explores the importance of protecting children's rights in the context of the rapid development of artificial intelligence.Artificial intelligence has the potential to change many aspects of a child's life, and while it can have positive effects, its negative impact also needs due consideration.
The article focuses on four key aspects: privacy, security, discrimination and ethics.It analyzes the risks associated with the collection and processing of children's personal data by artificial intelligence and requires the establishment of effective privacy protection mechanisms.In addition, it considers the safety of children, especially in the context of the use of autonomous robots and toys, and safety standards that are required to be taken into account in the development of such systems.
The article also focuses on the problem of discrimination that may arise from the systematic use of artificial intelligence.It demands developers to ensure the fairness of algorithms and avoid discrimination against children.Finally, the article considers the ethical aspects of the use of artificial intelligence, namely the question of the responsibility of developers and the need for ethical principles in all aspects of its use.
In conclusion, the article emphasizes the need for constant monitoring and regulation of the development of artificial intelligence in order to protect the rights of the child.It recommends the implementation of an effective legislative framework that defines standards for the protection of children's rights in the context of artificial intelligence.In addition, the article puts forward the idea of developing ethical directives and codes of conduct for developers, researchers and users of artificial intelligence from the perspective of children's rights.

In general, this scientific article emphasizes the importance of protecting the rights of the child in the context of the development of artificial intelligence. It calls for action at the level of legislation, technological standards and ethical principles, ensuring safety, privacy, non-discrimination and ethical responsibility in all aspects of the use of artificial intelligence to ensure the healthy development and protection of children's rights in the digital age.
Also, the article is devoted to the analysis of the controversial issue of the relationship between child rights and artificial intelligence.The article examines the consequences of the use of artificial intelligence in the context of children's rights, the main issues related to the legal protection of children in the field of artificial intelligence, and suggests possible solutions for these problems.
on human rights, but the issue of protecting children's rights requires special attention due to the largescale use of artificial intelligence in the lives of children.Most of the risks explored in the article currently have no mechanisms for prevention and adequate response.In this regard, the problem is urgent and requires research for further development of solutions.

The state of problem solving.
The question of the impact of artificial intelligence on children's rights is currently more widely researched in the works of scientists from other countries.Namely, Ellie Christina Jacobsen, a professor of law and technology at the University of Chicago who specializes in children's rights, especially in the context of technology and artificial intelligence.Her research focuses on the protection of privacy, security and ethical aspects related to the use of artificial intelligence in the context of children's rights.Kate Crawford has conducted research on the impact of artificial intelligence on social justice and discrimination issues.Her work includes analyzing the use of machine learning algorithms that may affect children's rights and freedoms.
In the writings of Ukrainian lawyers, this problem remains without proper research, and is only partially covered within the framework of the study of artificial intelligence in general.
3. The purpose of the article is to analyze the risks for children's rights that may arise as a result of the use of artificial intelligence, as well as to propose ways to prevent and solve them.

Presenting main material.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is gaining more and more popularity and is used in various fields of life, including medicine, education and social sphere of life.However, along with the development of AI, new legal challenges arise, especially regarding the protection of children's rights [1].
First of all, the positive impact of AI on children's rights should be considered.Artificial intelligence can provide access to education, improve health services and enable the development of gaming technology for children.However, there are certain risks associated with the use of AI that may lead to violations of the rights of the child.
It is important to consider the issue of transparency and accountability in artificial intelligence systems, which can become a threat to children's rights.Many AI systems work on the basis of complex algorithms that are not intuitive for users, including children.This can create problems in understanding and controlling the results of AI actions [2].
In addition, AI may collect and process children's personal data without their proper consent or knowledge.This violates privacy and data confidentiality, which are important aspects of children's rights.For example, artificial intelligence systems used for educational purposes may collect and analyze students' personal data, which may violate their right to privacy and appropriate information processing.
There is also a risk of bias and discrimination in artificial intelligence systems, which may affect the rights of the child.For example, if face recognition systems are based on insufficiently representative data or take into account stereotypes, this can lead to incorrect identification or incorrect behavior towards children of certain groups [3].
Discrimination risks in artificial intelligence systems can have a significant impact on children's rights.One of the main reasons for this is the possible presence of hidden or opaque discrimination in AI algorithms and systems.
Artificial intelligence systems are based on the analysis of large volumes of data for decision-making.However, if the data used reveals signs of discrimination, such as race or gender, then the algorithms can learn to make decisions that unreasonably or unfairly affect certain groups of children.For example, automatic face recognition systems may have discrimination errors when faced with faces of children from certain ethnic or cultural groups [4].
This may lead to a violation of the child's rights to non-discrimination and equal access to services.For example, AI systems may perceive children of certain ethnic groups as more prone to negative outcomes, which may lead to limited opportunities in accessing education, employment or other areas of life.
In addition, the use of artificial intelligence can lead to interference in the private life of children and violation of their privacy.For example, the collection and use of children's personal data for unauthorized purposes or without proper consent may constitute a violation of their rights to privacy and protection of personal information.
Given the wide range of possibilities for the application of artificial intelligence, there are other potential examples of discrimination that may affect the rights of the child [5].
Yes, AI can use ethnicity as a decision-making factor.For example, referral systems may limit the access of children of certain ethnic groups to educational or cultural resources, resulting in an unequal distribution of opportunities.
Additionally, AI can learn to use gender as a factor in decision-making, which can limit children's ability to identify with a particular gender.For example, job selection systems may be set to favor a particular gender group, which violates the principles of equality.
Moreover, AI can reinforce socioeconomic inequalities that affect children's rights.For example, systems of automatic identification of risk zones for the provision of social services may lead to neglecting the problems of children with a lower social status or insufficient resources [6].Also, AI can use age as a factor in decision-making, which can lead to a negative impact on children's rights.For example, student performance evaluation systems may intentionally or unintentionally ignore the peculiarities of children's development and perception of information.
Adequate measures must be taken to ensure adequate legal protection of children in the context of artificial intelligence.
First, it is necessary to develop special normative acts and legislation that regulate the use of artificial intelligence in the context of children's rights.These laws should define the legal duties and responsibilities of those who create and use AI systems.For example, they can set limits on the collection and use of children's data, as well as require transparency of algorithms and systems [7].
Second, it is important to develop ethical standards for the use of artificial intelligence in the context of children's rights.Ethical principles such as fairness, transparency, safety and non-discrimination must be considered when designing and using AI systems that affect children.It is important to ensure that AI developers and organizations that use them adhere to these ethical principles in all aspects of their activities.
Thirdly, it is necessary to increase the level of education and awareness regarding the rights of the child and the use of artificial intelligence.It is necessary to conduct information campaigns and educational programs that familiarize children, parents, teachers and professionals with the possible risks and benefits of using AI.In addition, tools must be provided to educate children about digital literacy so that they can understand and manage their personal data.
Fourth, it is necessary to ensure a proper mechanism of control and supervision of the use of artificial intelligence in the context of children's rights.Government bodies, regulators and independent structures must be able to check and evaluate AI systems for compliance with legal norms and ethical standards.This may include the audit of AI systems, the creation of mechanisms for filing complaints and appeals regarding possible violations of children's rights, as well as the imposition of appropriate sanctions in case of deficiencies or violations [8].
Fifth, it is important to promote research and innovation in the field of "ethical design" of artificial intelligence, aimed at taking into account the peculiarities of children's development and respecting their rights.Research should focus on developing algorithms that do not discriminate, ensure transparency and proper processing of children's data, and take into account their needs and safety.
Children's rights and the use of artificial intelligence are complex issues that require attention and solutions.Ensuring adequate legal protection of children in the context of artificial intelligence requires the adoption of special laws, ethical standards, education and control.Only by combining these measures can it be ensured that artificial intelligence contributes to the development of children, protecting their rights and safety [9].
In order to ensure the legal protection of children in the context of artificial intelligence, it is also important to engage all stakeholders in dialogue and cooperation.This includes legal scholars, experts in the field of artificial intelligence, educators, parent organizations and the children themselves.Creating platforms for discussion and joint resolution of issues related to the use of artificial intelligence in the context of children's rights can help to find optimal solutions and take into account diverse needs and perspectives.
In addition, it is necessary to promote research and development of new technologies aimed at protecting children's rights in artificial intelligence.This may include the development of algorithms that take into account the age characteristics of children, ensure their safety and privacy, and are able to detect AI systems that may violate children's rights [10].
Several countries around the world are already taking steps to develop a legal framework to protect children's rights from the negative impact of artificial intelligence.Here are some examples of best practices: 1. European Union: In 2018, the European Union adopted the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which is important to protect the privacy of children, including their data in the context of artificial intelligence.The GDPR sets strict requirements for the collection, processing and storage of children's data and requires the consent of parents or guardians to collect data from children.
2. Canada: Canada has passed the Children's Online Protection Act (CCPA), which aims to protect children from the negative effects of artificial intelligence and other online threats.The law sets rules for companies to collect, use and disclose children's personal data and requires adequate privacy and security protections.
3. Finland: Finland is considered one of the leading countries in implementing digital innovations in the education system.The country has developed a number of guidelines and recommendations aimed at protecting the privacy and safety of children in the school environment, including the use of artificial intelligence.Finland emphasizes transparency, parental consent and the development of ethical principles in the use of artificial intelligence.

USA:
The United States has the Children's Online Privacy Act (COPPA), which regulates the collection and use of personal information from children under the age of 13.According to this law, online platforms and services must obtain written consent from parents before collecting, using or disclosing children's personal information.The law also establishes the obligation to ensure safe storage of this data.

The Netherlands:
The Netherlands has implemented a Code of Good Practice for the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Children, which was developed together with government and non-governmental organizations.This code provides guidance and principles for the ethical use of artificial intelligence in products and services aimed at children, with a focus on safety, privacy and child development.
6. United Kingdom: The United Kingdom has developed a Design for Children Code that provides guidance on the design of technology and products aimed at children.The Code contains principles that promote the safety, privacy, accessibility and development of the child, taking into account the specific development and needs of children.
7. Sweden: In Sweden, there is a special body (Barnombudsmannen) that performs the function of protecting the rights of the child in the digital environment.This body studies and develops policies and recommendations to protect children from the negative effects of technology, including artificial intelligence.
These examples testify to the different approaches of countries to the development of a legal framework to protect children's rights from the negative impact of artificial intelligence.This includes limiting the collection and use of children's data, ensuring privacy, transparency, ethical principles and obtaining parental consent.These best practices can serve as an important source of development for other countries considering the development of their own regulatory framework.